Photos Archives - Laryngopedia

Anatomy & Physiology

Normal Larynx

Below are images of a normal larynx, offered as a point of comparison for all of the examples of laryngeal diseases and disorders elsewhere on Laryngopedia. One can reasonably call the vocal cords, “laryngeal lips.” Thinking of a trumpeter’s lips

Photos

Glottic Stenosis or Scarring

Glottic stenosis refers to scarring in the larynx at the level of the vocal cords (glottis). It usually narrows the space available between the cords for inflow of air to the lungs while breathing. Or it can cause divots in

Image of I Can't Burp on gradient background

Disorders

Can’t Burp? Comprehensive Resources for R-CPD (in One Place)

Can’t burp? You’ve come to the right place. Inability to belch or “burp” (Also known as Retrograde Cricopharyngeus Dysfunction, or R-CPD for short) occurs when the upper esophageal sphincter (cricopharyngeus muscle) loses its ability to relax in order to release the “bubble” of air.

Airway disorders

Long Haul Covid-19 Breathing Tube Injuries Affecting Voice and Breathing

The term “long-haulers” has been used to refer to persons with lingering systemic symptoms after successful initial recovery from Covid-19. Symptoms such as coughing, fatigue, loss of taste and smell, brain fog, etc. occur weeks or months after first falling

Dramatic lateral dilation of the upper esophagus is a symptom of R-CPD

Diagnostics

Can’t Burp? Here Are the Symptoms of R-CPD

There is a group of people whose inability to burp causes severe daily distress. They are left without a solution (or even explanation) in spite of many doctor visits. Recently a major cause of inability to burp, retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction (R-CPD) has been codified for diagnosis and treatment.*

Diagnostics

R-CPD Esophageal Findings

The details of the following photos may support the R-CPD diagnosis, though they should not be considered diagnostic. Take note that all photos are non-channel scope images; that is, the scope is not able to insufflate (blow in) air. The significance: the

Education

Pemphigoid

Pemphigus vulgaris (Pemphigoid) is the result of one’s immune system attacking healthy cells in the skin rather than foreign invaders. It creates blisters or sores on the skin which are prone to rupturing and infection. Though it is a skin

Photos

Histoplasmosis

Infection by a fungal organism, Histoplasma capsulatum. This organism is found in soil, especially in areas contaminated by bird or bat droppings. Sometimes it is called “spelunker’s disease,” and it seems to be commoner in the Mississippi River valley than